“Comprehension instruction in content area classes” Summary

In order to comprehend a text, there is a crucial strategy, “Question asking and answering.” Students should ask and answer questions themselves before, during and after the reading. The first group of strategies is the “Getting-ready-to-read strategies” is to help the students to think about what they are about to read before reading. It includes: “Clarifying a purpose for reading,” “Overviewing the text,” “Activating prior knowledge relevant to the text,” “Making predictions about the text.”  The second group is the “During-and after-reading strategies” helps student understanding, remembering and ascertaining students have comprehend what they have read. This strategy includes: “Attending to text structure,” Creating Oral, Vision or Writing Summaries.” Five common structures are enumeration, compare and contrast, cause and effect, Problem and solution and description. To have good summary, students should delete unnecessary and redundant material; then, using simpler words to replace long descriptions. Last, select or create a topic sentence. Learning these strategies can increase the ability of reading and comprehending for students.

If only they knew

The author had two completely different lives at two different schools, just because one of the schools, Riverview High knew she was an anorexic and the other school, Madison High did not. At Riverview, lunch time included a lot of stress because her friends would force her to eat; they were concerned about her health, and everything they did surrounded her disorder. At Riverview, her whole life was all about and only about her disorder. When she transferred to Madison, she became an average teenage girl, they took time to recognize her as who she was. She participated in school events and showed her true character. Although she is glad that people at Riverview were concerned about her health, she wants them to know that she had more than a disorder.

Problems in Taekwondo version 2

Although Taekwondo is an Olympic sport, judging controversy happen very often in Taekwondo because the rules are not specific enough. Due to this matter, much bribery happen in Taekwondo. For instance, Judges can be bribed to give points easier or harder to either side. Intending to solve the problem, the World Taekwondo Federation (WTF) changed all the gear to electronic gear; attempt to make the scoring fairer. However, as a result, an outrageous event happened. Which made everyone wonder how fair is Taekwondo? Is Taekwondo a suitable sport for the Olympics?

This event took place in the Guangzhou Asia games in 2010. BBC stated Yang, Shu-chun; a representative of Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) was “a promising gold metal”. However she was disqualified after the first round for, what Taiwanese think an unreasonable reason. Yang was leading 9:0 after the first round, when the second round started, the referee announced Yang’s Vietnamese opponent, Thi, Hau-vu won. The judges and referees did not let Yang or her coach explain or ask any questions. This left them and the whole world with absolutely no clue of what just happened. 

Later on, Zhao Lei, the technical referee of China stated that Yang had worn extra sensors on her heel, which meant that he was accusing Yang of cheating. Yang’s coach protested that Yang had passed the pre-match check, therefore if she did cheat; it was the judge who approved her equipment that was up to blame.

Many people think that Zhao was accusing Yang because of Wu, Jiang-yu. Wu is the representative from China that was in Yang’s weight division was the only opponent that had little chance to win Yang. If Wu won the go medal, it could benefit Zhao’s way to being the head of the Chinese Taekwondo Association.  Meaning that getting Yang eliminated could make sure Wu could win the gold medal.

To justify this situation, Taiwan sued China on the Court of Arbitration for Sports. The story ends by Yang being suspended for three months, as for her coach, he cannot participate in any Taekwondo events for 20 months.

This controversy ending does not mean that it had stopped other controversies to happen. People are still waiting for the WTF to end these judge controversies. Although many people are overwhelmed that Taekwondo is still in for the 2012 Olympics, it still has many problems waiting for the WTF to solve, the bribery and judging controversy and many more.

Problems in Taekwondo

A shocking event that led the doom of being eliminated from the Olympics to Taekwondo was something that Herb Perez, the team leader of USA during the Beijing 2008 Olympics, said after he was furious about the poor judging that happened to Steven Lopez, one of the athletes on his team. He spilled out the shocking news. In June, the Word Taekwondo Federation (WTF) asked the team heads to sign an agreement to not to file any protest because that would lead Taekwondo getting kicked out of the Olympics.

WTF wanted to do this was that Taekwondo was on the edge of getting eliminated due to its unfairness of its scoring system. Before this, International Olympic Committee (IOC) already suspected that Taekwondo was a sport which wasn’t ready for Olympics yet; because its unsuccessful organization and its mismanagement.

The problem in Taekwondo was the deception that happened because of it unclearness in its scoring system. It was up to the judges to determine if they wanted to give points to the athlete’s kick. Therefore, much bribery happened in Taekwondo. Judges and referees were bribed to give points easier or harder to either side. Attempting to fix this problem, the WTF followed the other sports in the Olympics. They replaced the protective gear to electronic protective gear, trying to prevent the deception. An outrageous event happened, which adduced it really was a rash judgment.

In the Guangzhou Asia games, 2010, BBC stated Yang, Shu-chun, a representative of Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) was “a promising gold metal”. However she was disqualified after the first round for, what Taiwanese think an unreasonable reason. Yang was leading 9:0 after the first round, when the second round started, the referee announced Yang’s Vietnamese opponent, Thi, Hau-vu won. The judges and referees did not let Yang or her coach explain or ask any questions. This left them and the whole world with absolutely no clue of what just happened. 

Later on, Zhao Lei, the technical referee of China stated that Yang had worn extra sensors on her heel, which meant that he was accusing Yang of cheating. Yang’s coach protested that Yang had passed the pre-match check, therefore if she did cheat; it was the judge who approved her equipment that was up to blame.

Many people think that Zhao was accusing Yang something that she did not commit was because of Wu, Jiang-yu. Wu is the representative from China that was in Yang’s weight division was the only opponent that had little chance to win Yang. If Wu won the go medal, it could benefit Zhao’s way to being the head of the Chinese Taekwondo Association. This made him even more suspicious of lying.

The Korean government stated this judging controversy had nothing to do with Korea. The conflict should be between Taiwan and China, not Korea. They hope that Taiwanese don’t band their goods and stop burning their national flag. The Chinese declared that they already have enough medals. They would not use thus kind of dirty deception just to win another god medal. Therefore, Taiwan and China clearly do not have an agreement; Taiwan is going to sue China on the Court of Arbitration for Sports.

Although this story hasn’t ended yet, people are waiting for the WTF to end these judge controversies, the bribery and the problem that Taekwondo is not ready for the Olympics yet. Regardless, many people are overwhelmed that Taekwondo is still in for the 2012 Olympics, many changes are waited to be done.

The impact of the Internet

“When I took office, only high energy physicists had ever heard of what is called the Worldwide Web.... Now even my cat has its own page.” This was stated by former U.S. President Bill Clinton in 1996. 15 years ago, Internet was already common and universal. The first generation surprisingly, was launched back in the 1960s. It was invented by the U.S. Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) to maintain communications during the cold war. Later, the APRA linked the network with university and researchers’ computers to help with researches. Afterwards, the ARPA realized the network was growing faster and quicker than they expected; thus, in 1983, the U.S. released the internet to the public. 

Nowadays almost everyone uses the internet; nevertheless, not many people know how the internet works. Every computer is assigned with an Internet Protocol (IP) address. When the link is clicked, the browser sends a request to the website and the website sends the data package back to the computer. Consequently, the browser defines the data and displays the website image. The whole process happens in less than a minute. Thanks to the Internet, we can instantaneously access to different websites.

The internet helps us with information researches; before the internet was invented, students had to spend hours in the library researching; now they can stay at home and access to the online library. 50 years ago, people had to wait days for a letter, now it is easier to communicate with people around the world by using emails. Nowadays staying in touch with friends around the world is easier because of the internet.  In addition, the Internet has changed people shopping habits. Now they can buy almost anything online without going to stores, free from constrain of time and place. They can easy to access to the products’ information. Furthermore, now most banks have home banking service allowing people to direct debits, to check their account and pay the bill online; without having to go to the bank wasting time. The Internet has brought innumerable conveniences into our lives.

People often focus on the convenience and neglect the negative aspects of the Internet. For instance: When you do online shopping, you may never receive the item you ordered from the online store, because it could be a fraudulent site. In addition, criminals can effortlessly access to your personal details or simply hack into your bank number or password. Danger may also come across children or teenagers. Many sexual assault cases happen because children can talk to strangers easily and without realizing the danger on the internet. Internet frauds are becoming more and more prevalent.

To prevent being hacked or other problems that may happen on the internet, when shopping on online stores, ascertain the shop is a legal and credible website. Secondly, it is important not to reveal passwords or bank account numbers over the internet. Last, don’t meet with strangers, despite how friendly they seem to be on the internet. Use the Internet carefully and it will become a safe and convenient place to surf.

Taekwondo Problem and Solving

A shocking event that led the doom of being eliminated from the Olympics to Taekwondo was something that Herb Perez, the team leader of USA during the Beijing 2008 Olympics, said after he was furious about the poor judging that happened to Steven Lopez, one of the athletes on his team. He spilled out the shocking news. In June, WTF asked the team heads to sign an agreement to not to file any protest that would lead Taekwondo to get kicked out of the Olympics.

WTF wanted to do this was that before the Beijing Olympics, Taekwondo was already on the edge of getting eliminated due to its unfairness of its scoring system. Before this, International Olympic Committee (IOC) already suspected that Taekwondo was a sport which wasn’t ready for Olympics yet; due to its unsuccessful organization and its mismanagement.

The problem in Taekwondo was the deception that happened because of it unclearness in its scoring system. Due to the rules that were not specific enough. It was up to the judges to determine if they wanted to give points to the athlete’s kick. Due to this matter, much bribery happened in Taekwondo. Judges and referees were bribed to give points easier or harder to either side. Attempting to fix this problem, the WTF followed the other sports in the Olympics. They replaced the protective gear to electronic protective gear, trying to prevent the deception. However, many people thought it was an impudence judgement. An outrageous event happened, which adduced it really was a rash judgement. 

In the Guangzhou Asia games, 2010, BBC stated Yang, Shu-chun, a representative of Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) was “a promising gold metal”. However she was disqualified after the first round for, what Taiwanese think an unreasonable reason. Yang was leading 9:0 after the first round, when the second round started, the referee announced Yang’s Vietnamese opponent, Thi, Hau-vu won. The judges and referees did not let Yang or her coach explain or ask any questions. This left them and Taiwan with absolutely no clue of what just happened.  

Later on, Zhao Lei, the technical referee of China stated that Yang had worn extra sensors on her heel, which meant that he was accusing Yang of cheating. Yang’s coach protested that Yang had passed the pre-match check, therefore if she did cheat; it was the judge who approved her equipment that was up to blame.

Many people think that Zhao was accusing Yang something that she did not commit was because of Wu, Jiang-yu. Wu is the representative from China that was in Yang’s weight division was the only opponent that had little chance to win Yang. If Wu won the go medal, it could benefit Zhao’s way to being the head of the Chinese Taekwondo Association. This made him even more suspicious of lying; getting Yang eliminated just to make sure Wu could win the gold medal.

The Korean government stated this judging controversy had nothing to do with Korea. The conflict should be between Taiwan and China, not Korea. They hope that Taiwanese don’t band their goods and stop burning their national flag. The Chinese declared that they already have enough medals. They would not use thus kind of dirty deception just to win another god medal. Therefore, Taiwan and China clearly do not have an agreement; Taiwan is going to sue China on the Court of Arbitration for Sports.

Although this story hasn’t ended yet, people are waiting for the WTF to end these judge controversies, the bribery and the problem that Taekwondo is not ready for the Olympics yet. Regardless, many people are overwhelmed that Taekwondo is still in for the 2012 Olympics, many changes are waited to be done.

the major problems of Taekwondo (Steven Lopez & Yang, Shu-chun)

A shocking event that led the doom of being eliminated from the Olympics to Taekwondo was something that Herb Perez, the team leader of USA during the Beijing 2008 Olympics, said after he was furious about the poor judging that happened to Steven Lopez, one of the athletes on his team. He spilled out the shocking news. In June, WTF asked the team heads to sign an agreement to not to file any protest that would lead Taekwondo to get kicked out of the Olympics. WTF wanted to do this was that before the Beijing Olympics, Taekwondo was already on the edge of getting eliminated due to its unfairness of its scoring system. The news immediately spread out and everyone couldn’t help wondering whether Taekwondo should be eliminated from the Olympics or not.

The reason was why cheating was really easy in Taekwondo was because the rules were not specific enough and it was up to the judges to determine if they wanted to give points to the athlete’s kick. Due to this matter, much bribery happened in Taekwondo. Judges and referees were bribed to give points easier or harder to either side. To solve this problem, WTF changed all the gear to electronic gear; attempt to make the scoring fairer. However, as a result of this, an outrageous event happened. Which made everyone wonder even if WTF has changed the gear, how fair is Taekwondo?

 Another judging controversy happened in the Guangzhou Asia games in 2010. BBC stated Yang, Shu-chun; a representative of Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) was “a promising gold metal”. However she was disqualified after the first round for, what Taiwanese think an unreasonable reason. Yang was leading 9:0 after the first round, when the second round started, the referee announced Yang’s Vietnamese opponent, Thi, Hau-vu won. The judges and referees did not let Yang or her coach explain or ask any questions. This left them and Taiwan with absolutely no clue of what just happened.  

Later on, Zhao Lei, the technical referee of China stated that Yang had worn extra sensors on her heel, which meant that he was accusing Yang of cheating. Yang’s coach protested that Yang had passed the pre-match check, therefore if she did cheat; it was the judge who approved her equipment that was up to blame.

Many people think that Zhao was accusing Yang something that she did not commit was because of Wu, Jiang-yu. Wu is the representative from China that was in Yang’s weight division was the only opponent that had little chance to win Yang. If Wu won the go medal, it could benefit Zhao’s way to being the head of the Chinese Taekwondo Association. This made him even more suspicious of lying; getting Yang eliminated just to make sure Wu could win the gold medal.

The Korean government stated this judging controversy had nothing to do with Korea. The conflict should be between Taiwan and China, not Korea. They hope that Taiwanese don’t band their goods and stop burning their national flag. The Chinese declared that they already have enough medals. They would not use thus kind of dirty deception just to win another god medal. Therefore, Taiwan and China clearly do not have an agreement; Taiwan is going to sue China on the Court of Arbitration for Sports.

Although this story hasn’t ended yet, people are waiting for the WTF to end these judge controversies. Many people are overwhelmed that Taekwondo is still in for the 2012 Olympics. However, it still has many problems waiting for the WTF to solve, the bribery and judging controversy and many more.

Elephant-summary

The elephants in the Pilanesberg National Park in South Africa had entered puberty. It caused them to increase aggression which made them go on a killing-spree, slaying almost 40 rhinoceros. The park officers did want this to happen; therefore they brought more male elephants into the park, which solved their problem.

Although this story has a satisfying ending, however due to the loss of habitat to citification and urbanization, the populations of elephants have been dramatically reducing in Africa. If the population carries on dropping, the elephants will become an extinct species.

Elephants are the biggest land animals. They can swim long distance and walk without a sound. They travel 6,000miles a year searing for food, and can live up to 60 years. Elephants open new habitats for other animals and help trees to scatter their seeds. They have no natural enemies that are except for Human been.

The reasons poaches hunt down elephants are because of elephants’ ivory tusks. Although there are laws being instituted recently, the number of illegal poaching has not decreased, in fact, it has increased. The weapons are more available due to the world war two, which makes the poach rangers more difficult to prevent poaches from killing elephants. Price paid has increase during the years, Smugglers ship raw ivory to factories where it is used in Chinese medicines or are carved into sculptures.

The governments of the Africa countries have attempt to combat the poaches and control the dropping population of elephants by granting the ownership of an area of wild animals to the nearest communities, however this solution has not been very successful. The other solution is to educate the poor villages in Africa and increase more public services.

To save the elephants, and other dropping-population-species, the world has to unite and work together.

Russell Williams

        Even the officers who were working on Russell Williams’ case were extremely shocked of Williams’ crimes. Many professional are trying to find out the gruesome double-life Williams lived, and also the motive to his crimes. At first Williams had a fetish towards women’s underwear. Then he began breaking into people’s houses to steal underwear and taking photos of him in them. He filmed his every move and crime. Two of his biggest crime was the murder of Marie-France Comeau and Jessica Lloyed. In the fall of 2009, he met Marie-France Comeau, a 37-year-old flight attendant. Williams looked up her address in her personal profile and snuck into her house. He spent hours raping and torturing her. He filmed the process and even took pictures of her body after he had murdered her. January 2010, Williams broke into Lloyed’s house and began documenting his every move. He tied up Lloyed’s hands and raped her repeatedly. During the torturing and raping, William’s had promised her that he would set her free, but at the end he still murdered her.

        The most terrifying part of William’s crimes was his achievements and good reputations. He was an eight wing commander, the top job at the country’s largest most important air base. Many of his subordinates were motivated of his positive attitude. He was happily married for 18 years, loved to fish and golf and fly airplanes. He was extremely organized. He cataloged each photo and film which was saved in the computer he shared with his wife.

        William has pleaded to 88 offences which includes two charges of first-degree murder. The official sentence for is a parole of 25 years. He will be 72 by then.

Taekwondo- unfinished

The origin of Taekwondo could be traced back to South Korea two thousand years ago. Two main styles are found in Taekwondo: Kukkiwon, which is developed from World Taekwondo Federation (WTF), has higher popularity and is recognized in the Olympic Games. Sparring, a system derived from Kukkiwon, is a combat which requires players to use strategies to defeat the opponent. This is what athletes use to compete in Olympic Games. The less popular style comes from International Taekwondo Federation (ITF). WTF and ITF follow different standards, yet they share the similarity in their ranking system.

The ranking in Taekwondo is divided into two stages, junior and senior. Junior is divided into ten “geups” (junior levels in Korean). Beginners start at Geup 10 and move backwards. Most of the time, Taekwondo schools use color belts to identify the geups. When you pass Geup 1, you move onto the senior stage, which is the black belt. In addition, the senior stage is divided into nine “dans” (senior levels in Korean). You move upwards from the first Dan to the ninth Dan. The Dan level is often indicated with the number of strips on the black belt.

Generally, it takes 52 years to achieve the highest Dan in Taekwondo. Juniors need to prepare for at least two months until they can participate in the exam. The exams for juniors are held in the Taekwondo Schools (or their local Taekwondo schools). The master will judge the students’ skill to determine if they are able to move to a higher level. For seniors, the interval to take the test from the first Dan to the second Dan is one year. The interval increases one year progressively. For instance, from the second Dan to the third Dan needs two years to prepare. However, seniors need to be 22 years old before they are qualified to participate in the third Dan exam. This explains why there are seldom ninth Dan masters in the world.

In the 2008 Olympics, the Taekwondo representative from Cuba, Ángel Matos kicked the referee in the head during the competition. He was angry at the referee for disqualifying him because he was taking longer than one minute when he got injured to recover. The consequences for Ángel Matos’ act was that Taekwondo was up for debate either it was an appropriate sport for the Olympic Games.

Therefore the most shocking event that led the doom of being eliminated from the Olympics to Taekwondo was something that Herb Perez, the team leader of USA was furious about the poor judging that happened to Steven Lopez, one of the athletes on his team. He spilled out the shocking news. In June, WTF asked the team heads to sign an agreement to not to file any protest that would lead Taekwondo to get kicked out of the Olympics.

 The news spread out and everyone couldn’t help wondering whether Taekwondo should be eliminated from the Olympics or not. Another reason was that cheating was really easy in Taekwondo because the rules were not specific enough and it was up to the judges to determine if they wanted to give points to the athlete’s kick.

Although Taekwondo is still in for the 2012 Olympics but it is still on the edge of getting kicked out. The WTF has been trying to fix the rules to avoid this problem. The most significant change is that they have changed the protecting gear to electronic protecting gear. Electronic protecting gear has devices built inside which will determine if the kick is worth points or not. Thus it will be more fair and less arguments.

Taekwondo is an extremely popular sport in Taiwan. There are several reasons for this. Tracing back to the twenty century, when Chiang Kai-shek fled to Taiwan with many solders and people, he also brought Taekwondo into Taiwan hoping it would be useful when in a war. The other reason is that Taekwondo is originated from Korea; since the two countries are only around seven thousand miles away from each other, it was easily spread to Taiwan. The biggest reason and is that in 1992 Barcelona Olympics, the Taekwondo representative, Chen Yi-an had won first place. To Taiwan, it was a national wide glory. For the impact was more and more Taekwondo schools were open; in addition, Taekwondo became the most popular martial arts in Taiwan.